Dots
The black dot is rendered by the capital letter "O" and the red dot by the small letter "o".
NOTE: These are not verse points; dots with the uncertain meaning are found sometimes in hieratic texts.
Cartouches
A cartouche is an oval form surrounding a word: 
It
is to be entered with <-G7->.
Serekhs
A serekh 
is to be entered with <S-G7->.
Hw.t-sign
A sign in a rectangular enclosure (Gardiner's O6)
is
to be entered with <H-G5->.
Haplographies
Haplographies are encoded normally at the position of the first occurrence. In the further
occurrence they are to be encoded in double angle brackets: [&-[&- + Hieroglyph
+ -&]-&] . E.g. in this case 
the
sign X8 should be written twice, so it needs to be inserted into double angle brackets
in the position where it should occur for the second time: M23-X1 R4 X8
[&-[&-X8-&]-&] E15 R4.
NOTE: Some hieratic signs like lines or dots without hieroglyphic equivalent are available in the Ff group.
